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Permitted Varieties

[Viognier](/grapes/viognier)

Condrieu AOC

Overview

Condrieu is the spiritual home of Viognier and one of France’s most distinctive white wine appellations, producing intensely aromatic, full-bodied wines from steep granite terraces overlooking the Rhône River. Established in 1940, this tiny Northern Rhône appellation (just 200 hectares) was nearly extinct in the mid-20th century but has experienced a remarkable revival. Condrieu represents the benchmark for Viognier worldwide—opulent wines with exotic aromas of apricot, peach, and white flowers, combined with a lush, oily texture that has inspired plantings from California to Australia.

Geography & Climate

Location: Northern Rhône Valley; south of Lyon; right bank

Size: ~200 ha (500 acres)—TINY

Elevation: 150-350m (490-1,150 ft)

Climate: Continental with Mediterranean transition

  • Growing Degree Days: 1,600-1,900 GDD
  • Rainfall: 700-900mm
  • Exposure: South to southeast (critical)

The Terraces:

  • Steep granite slopes (30-60° inclines)
  • Hand cultivation required
  • “Côte Brûlée” (burnt slope) = sun-baked
  • Terraces rebuilt from abandoned sites

Soil Types:

  • Granite (primary)
  • Mica-schist (mineral complexity)
  • Sandy decomposed granite (arzelle)

Key Characteristic: Steep granite + southern exposure = Viognier’s ultimate expression.

Wine Style

Viognier (100%)

Character: Opulent, aromatic, exotic

  • Apricot, peach, nectarine
  • White flowers, honeysuckle
  • Lush, oily texture
  • Full body (13-14.5% ABV typical)
  • Low acidity

Winemaking Notes:

  • Harvest at optimal ripeness (critical)
  • Temperature-controlled fermentation
  • Oak aging (many producers)
  • Some lees contact
  • Mostly dry; rare late-harvest

Classification & Regulations

AOC Requirements:

ParameterRequirement
Variety100% Viognier
YieldsMax 37 hl/ha (low)
Min ABV11.5%
StyleDry (rare exceptions)

Quality Control: Low yields + difficult viticulture = naturally limited production.

History

Timeline:

  • Ancient: Viognier likely arrived with Romans
  • Medieval: Condrieu reputation established
  • 18th-19th century: Peak prosperity
  • 1936: Near extinction (~8 ha remained)
  • 1940: AOC established
  • 1960s-70s: Revival begins
  • Today: ~200 ha; global inspiration

The Near-Death: By 1965, only 8-12 hectares remained; young Georges Vernay began revival.

Georges Vernay: “The Pope of Condrieu”—saved appellation from extinction.

Key Constraints & Production Notes

Viticulture Challenges:

  • Extreme slopes (helicopter treatments)
  • Erosion
  • Low yields (Viognier characteristic)
  • High labor costs
  • Terraces require constant maintenance

Winemaking:

  • Harvest timing critical (narrow window)
  • Risk of over-ripeness
  • Temperature control essential
  • Oak integration (barrel fermentation common)

Aging Potential:

  • Peak: 2-6 years (most)
  • Best examples: 8-12 years
  • Generally drink young; loses aromatics

Viognier Character Development

The Ripeness Puzzle

Under-ripe: Green, bitter, unpleasant Optimal: Apricot, peach, floral (narrow window) Over-ripe: Flat, blowsy, oily without complexity

Challenge: Viognier must be picked at precise ripeness; days matter.

Notable Producers

Quality Benchmarks:

Château-Grillet

The Single-Estate AOC

Unique Status: Château-Grillet is a separate AOC (since 1936) entirely within Condrieu

  • Single estate (~3.5 ha)
  • One of France’s smallest AOCs
  • Same grape, different appellation
  • Historic prestige

Common Challenges

Viognier Difficulties

  • Cause: Variety is low-yielding, fickle.
  • Risk: Uneven ripening; vintage variation.
  • Response: Meticulous viticulture; selective harvesting.

Price Pressure

  • Cause: High production costs; tiny area.
  • Risk: High prices limit accessibility.
  • Response: Value in other Viognier regions (but quality benchmark here).

Food Pairing

Classic Matches:

  • Lobster, crab
  • Rich fish (turbot, monkfish)
  • Foie gras
  • Asian cuisine (Thai, Vietnamese)
  • Creamy chicken dishes

Serving: 12-14°C; fuller whites need less chill

References

  • INAO (2025). “Condrieu AOC Cahier des Charges.” Link

  • Livingstone-Learmonth, J. (2005). “The Wines of the Northern Rhône.” WorldCat

  • Robinson, J., Harding, J., & Vouillamoz, J. (2012). “Wine Grapes.” Publisher Link


Last Updated: January 11, 2026
Data Sources: INAO, Rhône Wine Official
Research Grade: Technical reference